Print Economics SLM
| Semester I | Course Title : Basics of Microeconomics | |
| Unit I | Definition, Nature, Scope and Methods of Micro Economics. Equilibrium: Partial and General, Static and Dynamic. | |
| Unit II | Theory of Demand: Utility Analysis of Demand. (Cardinal & Ordinal Approach) Indifference Curve Analysis. Consumer’s Equilibrium.Giffen Goods. Concept and Calculation of Elasticity of Demand& Consumer's Surplus. | Indifference Curve (तटस्थता / उदासीनता वक्र), |
| Unit III | Theory of Production: Returns to a Variable Factor. Production Possibility Curve. Production Function: Isoquants, Fixed Proportions and Variable Proportions Production Functions, Returns to Scale. Concept and Calculation of Total, average and marginal cost. Concept and Calculation of Revenue Curves - Total, Average and Marginal. | गणितीय अर्थशास्त्र के अंतर्गत लागतों की गणना करना, Revenue Lines, लागतों के विभिन्न प्रकारों की विवेचना, लागतों के अन्य कुछ समाधानों पर प्रश्न एवं चर्चा, Total Revenue, AR & MR, |
| Unit IV | Market Structures and Price Determination. Equilibrium of the Firm. Perfect Competition. Monopoly & Monopolistic Competition. | Monopoly and Fund Equilibrium, Perfect Competition and Firm Equilibrium, Firm Equilibrium, The Sweezy Model Rigid Prices, एकाधिकार - मूल्य विभेद, पूर्ण प्रतियोगिता - मूल्य तथा उत्पादन निर्धारण (Perfect Competition Price and Output Determination), |
| Unit V | Theory of Factor Pricing: Marginal Productivity theory of Distribution. Modern Theories of Wage, Rent, Interest & Profit. | Profit Maximize, |
| Semester II | Course Title : Basics of Macroeconomics | |
| Unit I | Macro-economics: Meaning, Nature, Scope, Importance and Limitations. Types of Macro Economics – Macro-Staticsand Macro - Dynamics. | आय का चक्रीय प्रवाह (द्वि क्षेत्रीय अर्थव्यवस्था), आय का चक्रीय प्रवाह (त्रि एवं चतुर्थ क्षेत्रीय अर्थव्यवस्था), |
| Unit II | National Income Concept : Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Net Domestic Product (NDP), Gross National Product (GNP), Net National Product (NNP), Personal Income (PI), Disposable Income (DI). Measures of National Income: Product Method, Income Method, Expenditure Method & Mixed Method. | उत्पादन फलन, |
| Unit III | Classical Approach to Employment: Classical Theory of Employment, Say’s Law of Market, Pigou’s Wage Cut Theory of Employment. Unemployment – Types and Causes. | The Classical Theory of Income and Employment, Say’s Law of Market, |
| Unit IV | Keynesian Economics: Theory of Employment, Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply. Concept of Effective Demand. Multiplier – Investment Multiplier. | Keynes`s Theory of Employment, Multiplier, Keynesian Employment Theory, Demand (माँग), Factors Determining the Price Elasticity of Demand, मांग का नियम l (Micro Economics), |
| Unit V | Consumption, Saving and Investment Function: Average and Marginal Propensity to Consume, Average and Marginal Propensity to Save, Marginal Efficiency of Capital, Autonomous Investment and Induced Investment. | औसत तथा सीमान्त लागतों के मध्य अंतर सम्बन्ध, |
| Semester III | Course Title : Basics of Public Finance | |
| Unit I | Public Finance: Meaning, Nature, Scope and Importance. Principle of Maximum Social Advantage. | Principal of maximum Social Advantage, |
| Unit II | Public Expenditure: Meaning, Scope, Canons, Classification and Importance. Effects of Public Expenditure. Causes for an increasing in Public Expenditure. | |
| Unit III | Public Revenue: Meaning, Sources. Taxation: Meaning, Effects. Characteristics, Objectives and Canons of taxation. Direct and Indirect Taxes. | GST- Goods & Services Tax, |
| Unit IV | Public Debt : Meaning, Objectives and Sources. Effects and Burden of Public Debt. Types of Public Debt. Methods of Debt Redemption. | |
| Unit V | Deficit Financing and Objectives of Fiscal Policy in Developing Economy. |
| Semester IV | Course Title: Money, Banking & International Trade | |
| Unit I | Nature, Functions, Significance and Classification of Money. Role of Money in Capitalist, Socialist and Mixed Economies. | |
| Unit II | Supply and Demand for Money. Fisher’s Quantity Theory of Money. Income Theory of Money. Inflation and Deflation – Definition, Types, Causes and Effects on Different Sectors. | Money, Banking and International Trade, |
| Unit III | Commercial Banking: Meaning, Functions& types of commercial banks. Central Banking: Meaning, Functions and methods of credit control. Role and Functions of the Reserve Bank of India. | Credit Creation and Credit Control, |
| Unit IV | Nature, Scope and Importance of International Trade. Inter-regional and International Trade. Theories of International Trade: Theory of Absolute Advantage, Theory of Comparative Advantage. Modern Theory of Trade : Heckscher Ohlin Theory. | Samuelson`s Trade Cycle Model, अंतर्राष्ट्रीय व्यापार के प्रभाव, Foreign Trade Multiplier |
| Unit V | Balance of Payments and Balance of Trade. Disequilibrium in the Balance of Payments: Causes and Correction. Rate of Exchange: Fixed vs. Flexible Exchange Rates. Free Trade vs. Protection. | Free Trade vs. Protection. |
| Semester V | Indian Economy | Paper I |
| Unit I | Indian Economy – Nature, structure and Features. Natural Resources – Land, water, Forest and Minerals. Infrastructure – Importance and its development in India. | |
| Unit II | Demographic Profile of Indian Economy –Population composition and main characteristics of Indian population according to current census, Problems of Population and New Population Policy in India. | |
| Unit III | Agricultural structure in India – Importance& Nature. Agricultural Holdings and Land Reforms. Green Revolution. Agricultural Rural Labour. Agricultural Finance and Marketing. Agriculture Policy. | |
| Unit IV | Industry- Growth & Problems of Heavy, Medium, Small & Cottage Industries in India since globalisation. Industrial Finance. Make in India and SKILL Development Programme, Digital India, Jan Dhan Yojna. New Industrial Policy. | |
| Unit V | Nature and Estimation of Unemployment in India, Causes, types and remedies of Unemployment. Concept of Poverty, Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGA).DeenDayalUpoadhyaya National Rural Livelihood Mission (DDU-NRLM) |
| Semester V | Basics of Labour Economics | Paper II (a) |
| Unit I | Meaning & Importance of Labour Economics. Characterstics of Indian Industrial Labour Market. Migratory Character. Absentiesm, Labour Turnover. Unemployment – Causes, Types and Remedies., Recruitment of Industrial Labour : Through intermediately, Direct & Contract. | श्रम अर्थशास्त्र - क्षेत्र तथा प्रकृति, श्रम की माँग, भारत में औद्योगिक रुग्णता तथा औद्योगिक श्रम, |
| Unit II | Types of Wage Determining Theory - Classical & Modern. Various Concept of Wages – Minimum Wage, Fair Wage and Living Wage. Organised and UnorganisedLabour, Rural Labour, Agricultural labour. | |
| Unit III | Labour Union – Meaning, Importance and Functions of Labour Unions, Methods of Settlement of Industrial Disputes - Preventive Measure & Settlement Measures. | केन्द्रीय प्रवृति के माप, |
| Unit IV | Labour Legislation in India- Factory Act 1948, Indian Labour Laws - Mines & Plantation. | |
| Unit V | State and Social Security of Labour – Concept of Social Security - Social Assistance and Social Insurance, Social Security in India, Labour Welfare in India, Causes & Problems of Child & Women labour in India. |
| Semester V | Basics of Agriculture Economics | Paper II (b) |
| Unit I | Nature , scope and types of Agricultural Economics : Sustainable, organic, agro forestry. Role of Agriculture in development of Economy. Recent Trends in Agricultural Growth in India. | |
| Unit II | Land Distribution – Structure and Trends. Land Tenures Land Reforms in India during post independence period. Rural Labour Supply. Agricultural Wages in India. | |
| Unit III | Agricultural Production – Resource Use and Efficiency. Demand and Supply and Allocation of Basic Inputs- Labour, Land, Livestock Energy, Machinery and Equipment. Emerging Trends in Agricultural Technology. | |
| Unit IV | Diversification of Agriculture : Agriculture and Allied Activities. Revolutions in Agriculture - Green Revolution, White Revolution. Blue Revolution. Role of Women in Agriculture. | Agricultural Diversification, |
| Unit V | Agricultural Finance in India - Institutional and Non-institutional Sources. Rural Credit – Cooperatives, Regional Rural Banks. Role of NABARD. Agricultural Market Structure and Imperfections. Food Security in India. Public Distribution System. |
| Semester V | Basics of Demography | Paper II (c) |
| Unit I | Meaning ,Scope& importance of Demography. Theories of Population: Malthusian Theory, Optimum Theory& Theory of Demographic Transition. | Optimum Tariff & Retaliation, |
| Unit II | Fertility & Mortality Statistics :Crude Birth Rate (CBR), Maternal Age, Death Rate, Sex Ratio, Life Expectancy, Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), Fertility Rate. Child Health in India. Temporal and Spatial Variation in Sex Ratios. Methods of Population Projection. | |
| Unit III | Migration : Meaning, Types and Measurement. Causes and Effects of Internal and International migrations. Urbanisation - Causes and effects. | |
| Unit IV | Population Growth and Economic Development. Qualitative Control of Population. Human Development Index (HDI), Gender Development Index (GDI). Effects of Population Growth in Indian economy. | Economic Development and Growth, Economic Development and Growth Part - 2, Economic Development and Planing, |
| Unit V | Sources of Demographic Data in India. Population Census in India – Nature, Methods, Problems and Defects. Salient Features of current Population Census. Family Planning Programmes in India. |
| Semester V | Basic Quantitative Techniques in Economics | Paper ll (d) |
| Unit I | Definition, Scope, Importance and Limitations of Quantitative Techniques and Statistics; Primary & Secondary Data. Census & Sampling.Techniques of Data Collection, Classification and Tabulation of Data. Diagrammatic and Graphic Representation of Data. | समंको का संग्रहण एवं सर्वेक्षण, |
| Unit II | Measures of Central Tendency: Arithmetic Mean, Median, Mode. Measures of Dispersion: Range, Mean Deviation, Standard Deviation. Simple Correlation. | पैमाने के प्रतिफल, |
| Unit III | Variables, Functions, Identities, Linear Equations in one Unknown. Simultaneous Equations in two variables, Use of Linear Functions in Economics. Differentiation of a Function. : Rules of Differentiation., Basic Economic Applications of the Derivatives. Elementary Integral Calculus. Basic Applications of Differential and Integral calculus in Economics. | |
| Unit IV | Matrices (not more than 3 columns, 3 row case): Types, Definition and. Properties, Addition, Subtraction and Multiplication of Matrices. Determinant: Meaning, Rules of Expansion, Properties, Solution of Linear Simultaneous Equation with help of Cramer’s Rule. | |
| Unit V | Index Numbers- Price Index Number: Simple Price Relative, Weighted Price Index Number. |
| Semester VI | Economic Growth & Development | Paper I |
| Unit I | Meaning and Measurement of Economic Growth and Development, Measuring Development and Development Gap, GDP, GNP, Per Capita Income,Factors affecting Economic Growth and Development: Economic and Non-economic factors. | |
| Unit II | Concept of Poverty and Inequality, Vicious cycle of poverty, Lorenz Curve. Concept of Human Development :Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI), Human Development Index (HDI), Gender Development Index (GDI), Human Poverty Index (HPI) & Purchasing Power Parity (PPP). | |
| Unit III | Economic Models: Adam Smith, Ricardo, Malthus and Marxian theory of Capitalist Development. Schumpeter Model. | निरपेक्ष लाभ सिद्धांत - एडम स्मिथ, Thoughts of Adam Smith, |
| Unit IV | Theories of Development: Vicious Circle Theory, Theory of Big Push, Critical Minimum Effort Thesis, Theory of Low-Level Equilibrium Trap, Balanced and Unbalanced Growth. | |
| Unit V | Sectoral Priorities and Development: Role of Agriculture, Industry and Service Sector. |
| Semester VI | History of Economic Thought | Paper II (a) |
| Unit I | Economic Ideas of Mercantilism, Economic Ideas of Physiocrats | प्रकृतिवाद, Economic thoughts of Physiocrats and Decline of Physiocracy, Main Physiocrats Thinkers -Targo and Petty, |
| Unit II | Classical Period: Adam Smith, J.B.Say, David Ricardo Thomas R. Malthus | |
| Unit III | Socialists and Associationism — St. Simon and Simonians, Sismondi, Robert Owen, Karl Marx —LabourTheory of Surplus Value | Theory of Karl Marx, |
| Unit IV | Nationalist, Mathematical and Austrian School& Welfare Economist - Fredrick List, Irving Fisher, Karl Menger, Pigou &Keyens. | फिशर का मुद्रा परिमाण सिद्धान्त Fisher's Quantity Theory of Money, |
| Unit V | Indian Economist: Narouji, Ranade, Gandhian Economics, Gokhle, J.K. Mehta, Amartya Sen, DeenDayal Upadhyay. |
| Semester VI | Basics of Industrial Economics | Paper II (b) | |
| Unit I | Scope and Method of Industrial Economics. Industrial Efficiency: Organisational Form and Alternative Motives of the Firm. Efficiency and Size of the Firm. Concept and Measurement of Profitability. Determinants of Profitability. | ||
| Unit II | Growth of the Firm. Conceptual Framework for the Theory of Growth of the Firm . Pricing Decisions: General Situations for Pricing Decisions. Pricing Procedures. Pricing in Public Enterprises. | ||
| Unit III | Process of Innovation.. Theory of Technological Innovation. Production Control. Cost Control.. Quality Control, Financial Structure of the Firm – Components of Funds. Role, Nature, Volume and Types of Institutional Finance. | ||
| Unit IV | Theories of Industrial Location – Weber and Sargent Florence. Determinants of Industrial Location. Approaches to Industrial Location Analysis. Operational Approaches to Industrial Location. Industrial Location Trends in India. | ||
| Unit V | Industrialisation: Rationale, Objectives, Strategies and Policies. Industrialisation and Regional Development. Employment Implications of Industrialisation. Need for Government Intervention in Industry. New Industrial Policy of India. |
| Semester VI | Economy of Uttarakhand | Paper II (c) |
| Unit I | Economy of Uttarakhand - Introduction &Characterstics. Demographic Profile of Uttarakhand. Natural Resources in Uttarakhand. | |
| Unit II | Agricultural Profile – Agriculture& allied sector in Uttarakhand. Animal Husbandry and Dairy Farming in Uttarakhand. Problems in Agriculture Sector. | |
| Unit III | Industrial Profile of Uttarakhand - Heavy Industries, MSME in Uttarakhand, New Industrial Policies. Problems of Village and Cottage Industries. | |
| Unit IV | Tourism sector in Uttarakhand. Problems of Migration & Reverse Migration in Uttarakhand. Role of Women in Uttarakhand’s Economy. | |
| Unit V | Unemployment and Poverty in Uttarakhand. Various Poverty Alleviating Programmes in Uttarakhand. MukhyamantriSwarozgaarYojna. Mukhyamantri Saur SwarozgarYojna, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Yojna, National Rural Livelihood Mission, National Urban Livelihood Mission. |
| Semester VI | Basics of Computer Application in Economics | Paper II (d) |
| Unit I | Introduction to computer system, uses, types. Data Representation: Number systems and character representation, Components of Computer System. binary. Devices: Input and output devices. Memory: Primary, Secondary, & Auxiliary Memory. Printers and it's types - impact and non-impact printers. | |
| Unit II | Number system - Binary number system, Octal & Hexa-Decimal system. Arithmetic operations of Binary Numbers. Overview of Emerging Technologies: Bluetooth, cloud computing, big data, datamining, mobile computing and embedded systems. Use of Computers in Education and Research: Data analysis, e-Library, Google Scholar | |
| Unit III | Types of software, Operating system as user interface & utility programs - Operating System, Application Programme, Programming Language. Virus & Antivirus Softwares. | |
| Unit IV | Introduction to Word Processing Software - MS-Office & Introduction to Desktop Publishing. Spreadsheet and database package software - MS-Excel & Introduction to MS-Access. Data Presentation Software - MS-Powerpoint. | |
| Unit V | Introduction to Internet – Browsers – Search Engine - WWW – Internet Protocols – FTP – TELNET – HTTP - E-mail –How to create E-mail – Internet Vs Intranet - Webpage – URL. |